Raw Material: Made mainly from sawmill residuals, wood chips, sawdust, agricultural residues, and low-quality logs. Sustainable forest residues are commonly used.
- Manufacturing Process: Raw biomass is dried and ground into dust, then compressed through a heated die. The natural polymer lignin in wood acts as a binder to hold pellets together.
- Physical Characteristics: Cylindrical shape, typically 6-8 mm diameter, lengths up to 38 mm, low moisture content (around 7%), and high density around 1.1-1.3 tons/m³ after pressing.
- Energy Content: Around 16-21 MJ/kg depending on feedstock. High combustion efficiency of about 80% with low ash content (less than 1%-2% for premium pellets).
- Uses: Heating in residential pellet stoves, industrial boilers, power plants, and other biomass energy systems.
- Environmental Benefit: Reduces waste by using forestry/agricultural residues; significantly lowers greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels.
This makes biomass wood pellets a sustainable, efficient, and eco-friendly source of energy widely used globally .